Questions tagged [frame]
Questions about Substrate's framework for developing custom runtime logic.
115
questions
5
votes
2
answers
175
views
<T::Lookup as StaticLookup>::Source vs T::AccountId?
I noticed https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/issues/6042 was recently resolved, replacing T::AccountId with <T::Lookup as StaticLookup>::Source. Substrate docs don't mention what is the ...
- 539
1
vote
1
answer
60
views
Recommended layout for testing integration of pallets
I've been working on a pallet in isolation for a few months. I did testing by mocking a runtime and mocking the related pallets that are expected by it. Basically, so far I have created fake pallets ...
- 501
1
vote
0
answers
64
views
What is the difference between Referenda and Democracy pallets?
Both Democracy and Referenda pallets are used for purposes of on-chain governance.
However, only Democracy is used on Polkadot and Kusama runtimes. What is the difference between these two pallets?
- 1,707
3
votes
0
answers
101
views
Cannot create a runtime on benchmark run
Using polkadot-v0.9.19 branch I've created benchmarks for a pallet, added it into runtime, compiled.
On run of any of created benchmarks getting this error:
Error:
Service(Client(RuntimeApiError(...
- 133
8
votes
1
answer
216
views
How does a Substrate chain set the max total supply?
How does a Substrate chain set the max total supply? Looking at the staking module, each era will increase the total_issuance through the issue. In the issue function, Self::Balance::max_value() is ...
- 131
0
votes
1
answer
23
views
Using ValueQuery gives error
Storage:
#[pallet::storage]
#[pallet::getter(fn voting)]
pub type Voting<T: Config> =
StorageMap<_, Twox64Concat, T::AccountId, Voter<T::AccountId>, ValueQuery>;
Type:
#[derive(...
- 663
1
vote
1
answer
21
views
What are the arguments for api.query.childBounties.childBounties
In the documentation api.query.childBounties.childBounties takes two u32 arguments:
But it is not clear what are those arguments. Can someone tell me how to map polkadot js api to substrate rust code ...
- 326
1
vote
1
answer
100
views
Bring and use sp-keystore and schnorrkel inside frame
I am writing a frame where I need to generate the vrf sign for the authority, this requires me to include the sp_keystore and schnorrkel in the cargo.toml of the frame.
But then I encounter the ...
- 219
3
votes
2
answers
383
views
access storage map from another pallet without trait pallet Config
I have one pallet with a storagemap that I want to use/call with another Pallet.
After doing some research I ran over Centrifuge fudge project(https://github.com/centrifuge/fudge/blob/...
- 319
2
votes
1
answer
262
views
Node that was not modified fails to build
I had a fully functioning node that was built about 4 day ago and I was using it. Today I've decided to rebuild it with cargo build -r and for some reason if failed to build with absolutely weird ...
- 474
3
votes
0
answers
59
views
How to do a manual implementation for 'AccountId'
I am working on creating a custom map which takes T::AccountId as a perimeter:
#[pallet::storage]
#[pallet::getter(fn declaration_map)]
pub(super) type Declarations<T: Config> = StorageMap
<
...
- 189
3
votes
1
answer
130
views
Using T::AccountId in a custom map
I would like to map T::AccountId to a custom struct I have Amendments <AccountId:
#[pallet::storage]
#[pallet::getter(fn declaration_map)]
pub(super) type Declarations<T: Config> =...
- 189
0
votes
2
answers
63
views
How to create a subscription pallet?
As the title is descriptive, I would like to create a subscription pallet. A user needs to subscribe first and the receiver can receive the payment every month.
Any idea how to design this pallet?
- 171
1
vote
3
answers
158
views
Inserting into a map of vectors
If I have a storage item defined as:
pub Foo get(fn foo): map hasher(twox_64_concat) u32 => Vec<T::AccountId>;
Do I always need to check if Foo contains the key before deciding to insert or ...
- 337
10
votes
1
answer
177
views
Are Offences ever pruned?
In our runtime we have a custom implementation of offence reporting. I want to write an adapter for grandpa equivocation offences (implementing the ReportOffence trait), and have been using the ...
- 430
3
votes
2
answers
237
views
How we can implement Governance in a chain?
I need to implement governance on my chain.
Do we have any references which guide me in development?
- 1,896
2
votes
1
answer
122
views
Pallet Fails to Build Because of `std` Macros
I am currently facing this Error:
Using rustc version: rustc 1.62.0-nightly (e85edd9a8 2022-04-28)
Compiling frame-support v4.0.0-dev (https://github.com/paritytech/substrate.git?branch=...
- 474
1
vote
2
answers
71
views
How to execute an ELF binary after a successful transaction
I am working on figuring out an efficient way to run an ELF binary after successful transaction. I also want to pass arguments along the execution.
Example: /bin/ping 1.1.1.1
OCW might be a solution, ...
- 13
1
vote
1
answer
29
views
How to Implement sp_core:Encode?
I've copied Kulupu's difficulty pallet and tried to build my node after connecting the pallet. The decl_storage! macro in that pallet looks like this:
decl_storage! {
trait Store for Module<T: ...
- 474
7
votes
2
answers
109
views
How to change the number of heap pages
We are running into an allocator memory error where the number of heap pages appears to be insufficient to run a transaction on our validator (substrate-node).
This is the error in question:
2022-04-...
- 127
0
votes
1
answer
95
views
Question about Raw Origin in Frame System Pallet
Inside mod pallet {}, there is code for RawOrigin, which is
pub enum RawOrigin<AccountId> {
Root,
Signed(AccountId),
None,
}
I don't know how we can use this AccountId type ...
- 119
7
votes
2
answers
414
views
Scalability beyond Asynchronous Backing
With the release of Asynchronous Backing, a good performance increase is expected (lower block time, increased block weight).
Which further efforts are being undertaken with regards to Polkadot ...
- 71
6
votes
1
answer
119
views
How does `#[codec(mel_bound())]` work?
When declaring types, with generic parameters, to be stored in runtime storage, it’s common to see this pattern
#[derive(Encode, Decode, MaxEncodedLen, TypeInfo)]
pub struct MyItem<TypeA, TypeB> ...
- 501
0
votes
2
answers
198
views
Manually implement `Default` for `AccountId`
I am creating a parachain with a custom pallet, where i have this set up in storage:
pub type AccountIdOf<T> = <T as frame_system::Config>::AccountId;
pub type NeuronMetadataOf<...
- 127
6
votes
1
answer
202
views
Why is there no `Default` implementation for `T::AccountId`?
Starting with version 9.17 and greater I started getting these errors for the custom pallets I've made. Could I please get a pointer in resolving this issue? Example output from compiler:
#[derive(...
- 73
2
votes
1
answer
63
views
Transaction fails with account from an extension but OK with local account
I'm trying to figure out why my pallet UI produces wrong signatures when using Polkadot.js extension.
UI is similar to https://polkadot.js.org/apps/#/signing: it calculates the signature over data ...
2
votes
1
answer
47
views
Do repeated reads of the same storage value add to the total weight?
I have an extrinsic with multiple calls to other pallet functions. As it calls other internal functions, more than one of them access the same storage value (either an actual StorageValue or the same ...
- 501
4
votes
1
answer
75
views
Why do frame calls take a `Vec` parameter instead of `BoundedVec`?
I saw that some of the calls in frame take Vec as a parameter. I haven't found a call that takes BoundedVec, but my impression was that I should basically always use BoundedVec over Vec?
- 205
0
votes
1
answer
74
views
Runtime API to collect values in StorageMap
I'm trying to retrieve all values in my StorageMap defined as such in my pallet:
#[pallet::storage]
#[pallet::getter(fn submitted_tasks)]
pub type SubmittedTasks<T: Config> =
StorageMap<_,...
- 269
0
votes
1
answer
68
views
Storing BTreeMap and Vec gives error
New substrate version requires derive MaxEncodedLen
I have a following storage:
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Default, Clone, Encode, Decode, MaxEncodedLen, TypeInfo)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = &...
- 663
2
votes
1
answer
122
views
How to use `IterableStorageMap`
So currently, I need to iterate over the StorageMap defined like this:
pub(super) type Report<T: Config> = StorageMap<_, Blake2_128Concat, (T::AccountId, HealthRound), Reports<T::AccountId,...
- 125
13
votes
2
answers
117
views
What are some good use cases for anonymous proxies?
There are some good conceptual explainers on what anonymous proxies are, yet it's not clear to me which use cases they serve best.
What are some problems that using anonymous proxies would solve? What ...
- 2,610
4
votes
1
answer
119
views
BTreeMap storage type
I would like to store a large amount of sorted integers, they should be traversable with efficient get and insert.
If I can iterate over a storage map, could you let me know how?
Or is there a ...
- 227
2
votes
1
answer
67
views
How to create an escrow account without runtime upgrade
I'd like to create an account that is only usable through the root origin like the treasury account. It should be possible to transfer funds to it, but sending from it should only be possible through ...
- 72
7
votes
2
answers
86
views
What are the differences between using declarative and attribute macros in FRAME?
What's the main difference (besides the code) between using the decl_storage! macro rule and using the [pallet::storage] macro?
I've seen pretty much everyone using macro rules, but on the latest ...
- 1,104
5
votes
1
answer
31
views
Why does pallet-election-phragmen have a Balance field in it's Genesis Config?
Why does pallet-election-phragmen have a Balance field here?
#[pallet::genesis_config]
pub struct GenesisConfig<T: Config> {
pub members: Vec<(T::AccountId, BalanceOf<T>)&...
- 3,722
1
vote
1
answer
36
views
Query on polkadot-apps chain-state cuts of string. Text-overflow?
Im trying to store a public key in a StorageValue, but when i try to consult it on polkadot-js chain-state, the string gets cut off in the following manner:
KeyStart...KeyEnd
The value being put in ...
4
votes
1
answer
134
views
How can I configure genesis state for my pallet's tests without hardcoding it?
I've been writing tests for pallet-kitties and have configured the genesis state inside my mock runtime by setting the storage items for two kitties (one Male and one Female) and their owners (with ...
- 2,610
16
votes
1
answer
239
views
When to use `BoundedVec` vs. `WeakBoundedVec` vs. `Vec`?
Are there any guiding principles that can be applied to decide whether to use Substrate's BoundedVec, WeakBoundedVec, or Vec in a runtime?
Is it a general rule of thumb to use the bounded variant ...
- 2,755
3
votes
1
answer
132
views
Problem running assert_last_event in tests.rs
As the title suggests, I've been trying to call assert_last_event on the tests.rs class without success. The problem first happened when developing the kitties tutorial and after several toolchain ...
- 55
6
votes
1
answer
48
views
How i define a 1 to N relation in storage?
i'm trying to define a 1 to N storage relation in my pallet. I have a Resource (owned by an account ) which will be linked to N Use structs ( kind of a set )
- Account #1
--> Resource #A
...
- 63
4
votes
1
answer
117
views
Why is `DispatchResultWithPostInfo` expected?
The compiler: expected DispatchResultWithPostInfo
It found: ) -> DispatchResult {
I want to use DispatchResult and do not understand what the problem is.
Additional context:
#[frame_support::...
- 141
9
votes
3
answers
115
views
How to limit the number of values by prefix in StorageDoubleMap?
Say I have a StorageDoubleMap that stores Data structs for each user and ContextId
#[pallet::storage]
pub type Info<T: Config> = StorageDoubleMap<
_,
Blake2_128Concat,
...
- 501
2
votes
1
answer
99
views
Slashing and rewarding funds
I am trying to understand slashing and rewarding funds from the recipe example.
https://substrate.recipes/currency-imbalances.html
For slashing funds it doesn't require initialization with <...
- 663
1
vote
3
answers
122
views
Substrate compatible crate for handling RSA encryption
Im working on a project where i want to store encrypted data on-chain and later reveal that data. For this process im thinking of using a trusted off-chain worker to act as a "key-manager". ...
3
votes
1
answer
80
views
Basics > Runtime > FRAME > Substrate FRAME Pallets
as a learner and beginner, I have 2 questions about the FRAME Pallets and especially to that overview:
https://docs.substrate.io/v3/runtime/frame/--> Substrate FRAME PALLETS:
The highlighted ...
- 105
4
votes
3
answers
124
views
Basics > Runtime > FRAME > Modules (Runtime, System) / Difference?
I am a curious learner and on my way of understanding the core principles of the Substrate universe + going through the tutorials on substrate.io.
As far as I understood is: there exists a Core ...
- 105
2
votes
1
answer
120
views
When to use `compact` on extrinsic arguments?
I keep seeing #[pallet::compact] on some extrinsic arguments like here on the pallet-assets/mint definition:
pub fn mint(
origin: OriginFor<T>,
#[pallet::compact] id: T::...
- 8,473
2
votes
1
answer
114
views
testing pallet with ensure_root
I have written tests.rs and mock.rs
everything is working except a function which has checks for root
pub fn create_something(
origin: OriginFor<T>,
org: T::Hash
) -> ...
- 355
12
votes
2
answers
575
views
How to fix `parity_scale_codec::MaxEncodedLen` is not implemented for `T`?
When building my pallet, I run into the error:
error[E0277]: the trait bound `T: parity_scale_codec::MaxEncodedLen` is not satisfied
--> pallets/template/src/lib.rs:42:15
|
42 | #[pallet::...
- 15.8k