Questions tagged [babe]
Block production protocol
18
questions
0
votes
0
answers
3
views
using ethereum accounts for BABE and Grandpa
I have applied the Moonbeam style unified account to match my substrate accounts with the evm. But I still couldn't figure it out how to use those accounts as my session keys for BABE and Grandpa.
Is ...
- 1
0
votes
0
answers
8
views
How to Revert a PoW Chain?
Both BABE and GRANDPA have a revert function. But PoW does not.
Also here is says that any block in PoW can be reverted.
To perform a revert I need to create an aux_revert and pass it into the ...
- 134
1
vote
0
answers
18
views
Validator node dropping peers after producing a block followed by a reorg
We are seeing some strange behaviour with some (not all) of our validator nodes. We are using the standard BABE / GRANDPA pallets.
When it is their turn to produce a block, they produce the block, but ...
- 111
0
votes
0
answers
7
views
On using Instantseal on a public standalone network
What are the ramifications of using InstantSeal on a public standalone chain? According to the comments on How to reject empty blocks?, it's quite evident that babe/aura based chains require blocks to ...
- 1,976
4
votes
1
answer
324
views
Is it possible to resurrect babe chains?
I've learned that babe chains, when all validators go offline, stalls and isn't recoverable. But my question is, from a database perspective we have the data in the chainstate folders right? So wouldn'...
- 1,976
0
votes
2
answers
26
views
Grandpa + Babe finality issues
Starting with the node-template, I switched my chains block authoring from Aura to Babe, which compiles fine but does not manage to finalize any blocks. I suspect it's a wrong genesis configuration. ...
4
votes
2
answers
55
views
Advantages of BABE/GRANDPA over Aura for sovereign chains when weights are equal
I've read through various documentation on consensus algorithms, along with the fellow SE post What is the difference between Babe, Aura, and Grandpa?. I'm unsure what the posited advantage of BABE/...
- 85
4
votes
1
answer
29
views
Substrate chain reconcilliation with BABE/GRANDPA
With BABE, I understand validators to produce blocks and chosen randomly and multiple validators may be eligible to produce a block, already providing a large amount of forks/fork opportunities. If no ...
- 85
7
votes
1
answer
40
views
How does a collator or validator choose their signing key?
If I were to insert multiple (valid) author keys over RPC, how does a collator or validator choose which key to sign with when producing a block? As far as I know this cannot be set on start-up.
- 131
5
votes
2
answers
30
views
Is there a connection between MaxAuthorities from authority_discovery, babe and grandpa?
All three pallets (babe, grandpa, and authority_discovery) have a field known as MaxAuthorities. For a chain, should these values all point to the same number or can they be different?
From ...
- 1,976
6
votes
0
answers
57
views
BlockBuilderApi<Block> Trait bounds within node/src/service and rpc
I am having a problem satisfying all of the trait bounds within the node crate. I am using the polkadot-v0.9.17 branch of substrate, as was recommended on another question here.
It is calling ...
- 225
3
votes
2
answers
48
views
After restarting a chain I get a ClientImport("Unexpect epoch change") error. What does this mean in English?
So while testing I have about 4 nodes (local) running and if I were to stop them all, and then come back a few minutes later and restart them, with the exact same --base-path, I'd get this error :
...
- 1,976
4
votes
1
answer
42
views
Backing off claiming new slot for block authorship: finality is lagging
What are the steps to take to restart a chain when finality is lagging behind and block productions is also slowing down.
In the logs there are prints like this:
Backing off claiming new slot for ...
- 289
2
votes
1
answer
36
views
How to set secondary slots for Babe?
As I understand, the babe epoch config comes with the option of SecondaryPlain and SecondaryVRF slots, which is more or less like PoA in the case that no primary block producers are available.
If ...
- 1,976
4
votes
1
answer
53
views
Proof of Stake algorithms, why use Aura as block producer?
I was under the impression that in proof of stake, or as substrate uses it, nominated proof of stake, the block producers are chosen by stake, into a set known as validator set through phragmen ...
- 1,976
8
votes
1
answer
60
views
What is the difference between Babe, Aura, and Grandpa?
Substrate supports "pluggable consensus" so a developer can choose from among several consensus algorithms. The main Substrate repository contains four algorithms:
Aura
Babe
Proof of Work
...
- 426
5
votes
2
answers
65
views
Secure random number generation?
I've been watching Substrate_ tutorials for a while now, with the goal of learning a little more about their technology.
My question is:
Would random number generation using Randomness be feasible in ...
- 53
5
votes
1
answer
30
views
What is the KeyOwnerProofSystem in BABE config?
In the pallet_babe config one can see the type KeyOwnerProofSystem as being set to Historical which is a reference to pallet_session::historical.
What functions does a KeyProofSystem serve? What is it ...
- 1,976